Sodium Citrate: A Comprehensive Overview

Sodium citrate is a sodium salt of citric acid with the formula Na₃C₆H₅O₇.
Derived from citric acid, which occurs naturally in citrus fruits like lemons and oranges.
Produced by neutralizing citric acid with sodium hydroxide.
Used in the food industry to control acidity and act as a preservative.
Medical applications include use as an anticoagulant and in oral rehydration solutions.

What is Sodium Citrate?

Sodium citrate is a sodium salt of citric acid, commonly used as a food additive and buffering agent. It has the chemical formula Na₃C₆H₅O₇ and appears as a white, crystalline powder.

Sources of Sodium Citrate

Natural Sources

Sodium citrate is derived from citric acid, which occurs naturally in citrus fruits such as lemons and oranges.

Industrial Production

Commercially, sodium citrate is produced by neutralizing citric acid with sodium hydroxide, resulting in a highly soluble and stable compound.

Uses of Sodium Citrate

Food Industry

Sodium citrate is widely used as a food additive to control acidity and act as a preservative. It is commonly found in soft drinks, dairy products, and processed foods.

Medical Applications

In the medical field, sodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions and as an ingredient in oral rehydration solutions.

Benefits of Sodium Citrate

Acidity Regulator

Sodium citrate helps maintain the desired pH level in food and beverages, enhancing flavor and preserving freshness.

Safe and Non-Toxic

It is generally recognized as safe for consumption and use in medical applications, making it a reliable ingredient in various products.

Potential Side Effects

Sodium citrate is generally safe when used in appropriate amounts. Excessive consumption may lead to digestive issues such as stomach cramps and diarrhea.

Conclusion

Sodium citrate is a versatile and widely used ingredient in the food and medical industries. Its ability to regulate acidity and its safety profile make it an invaluable additive in many products.